La huelga de los trabajadores de granos en Argentina se extenderá hasta el fin de semana

Trabajadores de semillas oleaginosas se paran cerca de los vagones de tren utilizados para transportar granos mientras una huelga de trabajadores de semillas oleaginosas afecta terminales, en Rosario, Argentina, el 9 de agosto de 2024.

Una huelga de trabajadores de oleaginosas en Argentina continuará hasta el sábado, ya que las negociaciones salariales con las empresas siguen estancadas, afectando los envíos de uno de los principales exportadores de granos del mundo.

Al menos 36 barcos cargados de granos seguían retrasados el viernes cerca del puerto agrícola clave de Rosario, según un portavoz de la industria y sindicatos.

Dos sindicatos industriales iniciaron la huelga a primera hora del martes, ya que los trabajadores exigen que los salarios se mantengan por delante de la alta inflación.

Fuerte terremoto magnitud 5.1 - Potosí, 290 km al suroeste de Sucre, Chuquisaca, Bolivia, miércoles 7 ago 2024 a las 21:31 (Hora La Paz) - hace 14 horas

Un fuerte sismo de magnitud 5.1 golpeó a 290 km lejos de Sucre, Chuquisaca,  Bolivia, en la tarde de miércoles, 7 ago 2024 a las 21:31 hora local (America/La Paz GMT -4). El temblor tuvo una profundidad moderada de 199 km y fue sentido por muchos cerca del epicentro.

La pobreza llegó al 54,9% y la indigencia al 20,3% de la población en el primer trimestre, según estimaciones del Observatorio de la Deuda Social Argentina de la Universidad Católica Argentina (ODSA-UCA) en base a los microdatos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH) publicados por el Indec.

En su último informe, realizado en el período abril-mayo, el Observatorio se había acercado a la tasa de pobreza (55,5%) pero sus cálculos respecto a la indigencia se ubicaron un tanto por debajo (18,5%).

Con los datos oficiales del Indec, y por aglomerado urbano, las estimaciones de la UCA ubican a la región de Gran Resistencia, Chaco, como la más pobre del país con una tasa del 79,5%. La indigencia alcanza al 38,6% de la población. Le sigue Formosa con un 72% de pobres y Santiago del Estero- La Banda con casi 30% de indigentes. Pero la mayoría de las regiones tienen niveles de pobreza por encima del 50% y del 15%, en el caso de la indigencia.

A widespread technology outage on Friday grounded flights, disrupted banking operations, and took media outlets off the air, highlighting the global dependence on a few key software providers.

CrowdStrike, a cybersecurity firm at the heart of the global outage, identified a defect in its Falcon software update as the cause but stressed that the incident was not due to a security breach or cyberattack.

"CrowdStrike is actively working with customers impacted by a defect found in a single content update for Windows hosts. Mac and Linux hosts are not impacted," the firm said in a statement. "The issue has been identified, isolated and a fix has been deployed."

According to Paris Olympics organizers, the outage has delayed the arrival of some Olympic delegations, impacting the delivery of uniforms and accreditations.

However, ticketing and the torch relay have not been impacted. "Our teams have been fully mobilized to ensure the continuity of operations at optimum levels," the statement added.

Britain's National Health Service (NHS) reported that the global outage caused issues at most doctors' offices across England.

NHS England said in a statement that the glitch was affecting the appointment and patient record systems used throughout the public health system. While the outage impacted the majority of family doctors' practices, it did not affect the 999 emergency number used for ambulance services.

The state-funded NHS provides healthcare for the majority of people in the UK.

Several German airports, including the capital's airport BER, have been hit by a global IT glitch, which caused delays, cancellations, and disruptions.

"Please contact your airline to find out whether your flight is affected by the worldwide disruption," BER Berlin Brandenburg Airport said via platform X. "If your flight has been canceled, please do not come to the airport."

Passengers at Stuttgart Airport and Baden-Airpark are facing longer waiting time because check-in systems are not working, but there were no flight cancellations.

More than 21,000 flights were delayed globally, though American Airlines and other major U.S. carriers reported that some flights have started to resume.

CrowdStrike's shares plunged more than 14 percent on Friday due to the global ripple effects of the glitch. 

En este mundo actual donde las fuerzas armadas son preponderantes escribir sobre sistemas políticos, o economías, lamentablemente queda en segundo plano. La industria armamentística está en su mejor momento, los países en lugar de madurar y mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos del mundo siguen con ideas imperialistas y colonialistas.  El hambre causa el 45% de las muertes en niños menores de 5 años.  Qué lideres hemos conseguido que; 8.500 niños mueren cada día de desnutrición, y según las estimaciones de Unicef, el Banco Mundial, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la División de Población de Naciones Unidas se calcula que; 6,3 millones de niños menores de 15 años murieron en 2017 por causas, en su mayoría, prevenibles.

Debemos entender de una buena vez que no son los sistemas los que fallan, el que falla es el hombre. Qué antepone siempre los intereses personales, de grupo, étnicos, nacionales, a los comunitarios. Claro Europa eso lo entendió, pero cómo comunidad cerrada, cómo manera de defender los intereses comunes, pero en detrimento del resto. Las grandes corporaciones hacen lobby, depredan a los países con grandes riquezas naturales, pero sin economías fuertes que permitan ser ellos mismos quienes usufructúen esas riquezas. Claro en las ecuaciones monetarias luego de la caída del patrón oro, se contempla cómo contraparte el mercado de producción de bienes que beneficia a los países con economías ya desarrolladas. Sin embargo, las riquezas del subsuelo, la minería, por ejemplo, que son un potencial de riqueza no se las cuenta. Muy diferente sería la ecuación si contara en el cálculo las riquezas naturales. Incluso la agricultura y la ganadería dependen de un sistema de commodities manejado desde las grandes corporaciones.

Los más ricos del mundo tienen patrimonios promedio de más de cincuenta mil millones de dólares. Por lógica pura la clase media debería tener patrimonios promedio de veinticinco mil millones de dólares. ¡Somos todos pobres!

Cuando se entienda esto, la burguesía actual tendrá que cambiar su concepción para generar lideres con una visión completa del bienestar mundial. Que entiendan que las guerras son una pérdida total. Es la destrucción de bienes, la muerte de personas y niños, por territorios que pertenecen a toda la humanidad no solo al grupo de personas que lo habita. Por otro lado, las grandes inmigraciones que obligan a millones de personas a dejar sus hogares y vivir en paupérrimas condiciones, incluso a veces con la esperanza de cambiar el cruel destino, solo por habitar en un territorio donde hay guerras, o por no existir un futuro de seguridad económica.

No pierdo la fe en que algún día el mundo despertara a una nueva concepción del prójimo, cuando los políticos tengan la convicción de que duplicarse las dietas es un despropósito, frente al hambre y la necesidad del pueblo.

Fondos de Ayuda

El Senado de Estados Unidos votó este martes a favor de aprobar un paquete de ayuda exterior que incluía ayuda en espera durante mucho tiempo para Israel y Ucrania.

La medida, por un importe total de 95.000 millones de dólares, se aprobó por 79 votos contra 18. Tras ser aprobada por la Cámara el sábado, la legislación pasará ahora al presidente Joe Biden, quien ha indicado que la promulgará.

La mayor parte del fondo contenido en la legislación apoyará a Ucrania con un total de casi sesenta y un mil millones de dólares, según un resumen de la legislación. El paquete también proporcionaría más de veintiseis mil millones de dólares en ayuda a Israel.

El proyecto de ley también proporcionará asistencia militar por valor de ocho mil ciento veinte millones de dólares a los llamados "aliados de Estados Unidos" en la región de Asia y el Pacífico, incluida la región china de Taiwán.

Stone tools in Ukraine offer oldest evidence of humans in Europe

March 6 (Reuters) - A dating method based on cosmic rays has identified stone tools found in western Ukraine as the oldest-known evidence of human occupation in Europe - 1.4 million years ago - showing that the peopling of the continent occurred hundreds of thousands of years earlier than previously known.

Korolevo quarry in western Ukraine, surrounded by archaeological sites is pictured in Korolevo, Ukraine. Korolevo stone artefacts dating to about 1.4 million years ago are considered the earliest-known evidence of human presence in Europe.

Researchers said on Wednesday the stone tools - the most primitive kind known - were initially unearthed in the 1970s near the town of Korolevo in the Carpathian foothills along the Tysa river, close to Ukraine's borders with Hungary and Romania. But their age had remained unclear.

The new method determined the age of the sediment layer containing the stone tools, making this site critical for understanding how humans first spread into Europe during warm spells - called interglacial periods - that interrupted the Ice Age's grip on the continent.

The researchers concluded that the maker of the tools likely was Homo erectus, an early human species that arose roughly 2 million years ago and spread across Africa, Asia and Europe before disappearing perhaps 110,000 years ago.

"No bones were found at Korolevo, only stone tools. But the age suggests that Homo erectus was the only possible human species at the time. We know very little about our earliest ancestors. They used stone tools for butchery and probably used fire," said Czech Academy of Sciences archeologist Roman Garba, lead author of the research published in the journal Nature.

Homo erectus was the first member of our evolutionary lineage with body proportions similar to our species, Homo sapiens, though with a smaller brain.

The tools, made of volcanic rock, were fashioned in what is called the Oldowan style. While quite simple - flaked tools such as choppers, scrapers or basic cutting instruments - they represent the dawn of human technology.

Until now, the oldest-known evidence of humans in Europe was about 1.2-1.1 million years old from a site called Atapuerca in Spain.

The Korolevo findings provide insight into the route of the first human expansion into Europe. Homo erectus fossils from 1.8 million years ago are known from a Caucasus site in Georgia called Dmanisi. Coupled with Korolevo, this suggests Homo erectus entered Europe from the east or southeast, migrating along the Danube river, Garba said.

"Korolevo is the northernmost outpost found so far of what we presume to be Homo erectus and is testimony to the intrepidness of this ancestor," Czech Academy of Sciences geoscientist and study co-author John Jansen added.

It has been notoriously difficult to determine the age of Paleolithic sites like Korolevo. The study dated the tools, left by their makers on a river bed, by determining when the layer bearing the artifacts was buried under overlaying sediment.

"Earth is constantly bombarded by galactic cosmic rays. When these rays - mainly protons and alpha particles - penetrate Earth's atmosphere, they generate a secondary shower of particles - neutrons and muons - that, in turn, penetrates into the subsurface," geoscientist and study co-author Mads Knudsen of Aarhus University in Denmark said.

These particles react with minerals in rocks to produce radioactive nuclides, a class of atoms. The sediment was dated based on the ratio of two nuclides, thanks to their differing pace of radioactive decay.

Europe was later colonized by other now-extinct human species including Homo heidelbergensis and Neanderthals. Homo sapiens evolved in Africa roughly 300,000 years ago, arriving in significant numbers in Europe perhaps around 40,000-45,000 years ago.

The Homo erectus pioneers encountered a Europe inhabited by large mammals including mammoths, rhinos, hippos, hyenas and saber-toothed cats.

"Most likely they were scavengers, looking for carcasses left by hyenas or other predators, but what attracted them to Korolevo was a source of high-quality volcanic rock, very good for making stone tools," Garba said.

The researchers suspect evidence of European human occupation even older than Korolevo will turn up.

"The question is not 'if' but 'when' we will find a site of similar or older age somewhere else in Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria or Serbia," Garba said.

Distant Galaxies

Galaxy cluster known as Abell 2744. The multinational project “Frontiers Fields” analyzed this area and found very interesting information, especially regarding the age and remoteness of the galaxies that comprise it.

To reach our telescopes, the light from this galaxy has traveled for around 13 billion years. This information is fundamental, because it means that we see Abell2744 as it was approximately 650 million years after the Big Bang. Which means that the observation of this galaxy can help us understand what the Universe was like in its first million years of existence.

The discovery was achieved thanks to the joint work of scientists from two Spanish institutions: the University of La Laguna (ULL), in Tenerife, and the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands (IAC).

OJOS AL ESPACIO

Sin duda la misión espacial más esperada no solo de 2024, sino del último medio siglo, será la Artemisa 2, que llevará a cuatro astronautas de la NASA —incluyendo una mujer y un hombre afroamericano— a sobrevolar la Luna, en el primer retorno tripulado al satélite terrestre desde el Apolo 17 en 1972. Será también la primera excursión del ser humano más allá de la órbita baja terrestre desde la cancelación del programa Apolo. La misión será el siguiente paso a la Artemisa 1, que en 2022 llevó una cápsula Orión sin tripulación a la órbita lunar. La NASA mantiene el objetivo de lanzar la misión en noviembre de 2024; sin embargo, analistas del sector sugieren que podría retrasarse si los daños sufridos por el escudo térmico de la Orión durante la Artemisa 1 obligaran a un rediseño sustancial.

Futuras misiones que deberán llevar de nuevo a los humanos al suelo lunar podrían también retrasarse respecto a los planes actuales dependiendo del progreso de las naves Starship de la compañía SpaceX del magnate Elon Musk, ya que Artemisa 3 utilizará una versión de esta nave para el alunizaje. Pero los dos intentos de vuelo orbital de la Starship en 2023 fracasaron, por lo que habrá que esperar los resultados de un nuevo lanzamiento anunciado para el primer trimestre de 2024. También en el campo de los operadores privados, la nave New Glenn de Blue Origin del magnate Jeff Bezos debería debutar por fin en la órbita terrestre.

Por lo demás, en el año que comienza no faltará actividad en el espacio. Aparte de Artemisa 2, la Luna será un objetivo preferente: varias sondas de la NASA, de las agencias espaciales de China y Japón y de compañías privadas tienen como meta nuestro satélite. Entre las misiones a otros destinos destaca la Europa Clipper de la NASA, con despegue previsto para el 10 de octubre y que orbitará en torno a Júpiter para estudiar su luna Europa, uno de los mundos más prometedores del Sistema Solar para la posible existencia de vida.

Despite technical setbacks concerning key tokamak components, construction of the world's largest fusion experiment machine, the ITER Tokamak, continues in the department of Bouches-du-Rhone in southern France.

ITER stands for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, and tokamak is a magnetic confinement device being developed to produce controlled thermonuclear fusion power.

"We are in the process of recovery from the issues in vacuum vessel sectors (dimensional non-conformities) and thermal shields (stress corrosion cracks in cooling pipes). We are on a good track," ITER Director General Pietro Barabaschi told Xinhua in a recent interview.

SETBACKS WILL BE OVERCOME

In the assembly building adjacent to the tokamak complex, work on the massive components of the ITER device continues in parallel with repair work that started in July.

In this vast workshop, where components are prepared before they are transported to the tokamak pit for installation, the faulty components already installed are being lifted out to be disassembled in order to prepare them for repairs.

"These technical setbacks are not fundamental. They are issues that will be overcome. It's not unusual but actually quite normal to have some setbacks in a project of this kind," Barabaschi said.

The 58-year-old Italian, who joined the ITER team in 1993 and began his tenure as director general of the ITER Organization in October 2022, stressed that "ITER is an extremely challenging project."

Conceived as the last experimental step to prove the feasibility of fusion as a large-scale and carbon-free source of energy based on the same principle that powers the Sun and the stars, ITER is designed to be the world's largest tokamak, with ten times the plasma volume of the largest tokamak operating today.

Three conditions must be fulfilled to achieve fusion in a laboratory: very high temperature (on the order of 150,000,000 degrees Celsius); sufficient plasma particle density (to increase the likelihood that collisions do occur); and sufficient confinement time (to hold the plasma, which has a propensity to expand, within a defined volume).

MANY RISKS AHEAD

The ITER Tokamak will weigh 23,000 tonnes, equal to three Eiffel Towers. The vacuum vessel alone, with its ports, blanket and diverter, weighs 8,000 tonnes. Approximately one million components will be integrated into this complex machine.

Also called the world's largest "artificial Sun," the ITER project has been a decades-long collaboration of its seven members -- China, the European Union, India, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the United States.

"A lot of key components have been delivered. Very important elements that are needed to start up the machine are available," Barabaschi said. "We are well ahead of half of the marathon. We have the finishing line in sight."

"It's not simply a marathon where you know the path and you want to keep up the pace with sustained motivation and determination," he explained. "It's navigation and exploration, which means we venture into an adventure, with many, many risks ahead."

ITER's previous target was to create the plasma by 2025. The duration and cost of the ongoing repairs cannot, at this stage, be precisely estimated. According to the director general, the situation will become clear by mid-2024 as his organization is preparing a new cost and schedule baseline for approval by council meeting at that time.

NOT JUST ITER

The electro-mechanical engineer who has dedicated virtually his entire career to fusion research believes that ITER will remain as the center of the growth of a fusion industry as global enthusiasm about the development of fusion energy reaches an all-time high.

"In the future of fusion, essentially driven by power intensity considerations, reactors will have to be relatively large, the size of ITER or maybe even larger," Barabaschi explained. "Only ITER can provide the experience of tokamak or a complex research infrastructure for future fusion of this size."

He welcomed the increase in public and private investment in fusion. "Fusion is not just ITER. Many others joining the fusion race is always good news. The more the merrier."

"ITER will remain as the center of the seven members' fusion research program. Then, the rest, particularly the investment from the private sector, we should cooperate with them to achieve our objective in the most effective way," he said.

KEY ROLE OF MATERIAL

Barabaschi also highlighted the key role material development plays in the success of fusion. "We can develop plasma, get the fire started, maybe tame the fire and make sure that it produces energy. But then we will need the materials that can take the energy of this fire," he said.

"An energy-producing fusion reactor would need very strong materials that can withstand the radiation coming from the plasma. If we don't take care of that, this exploration will not be leading to the final objective," Barabaschi said. ■

This photo taken on Nov. 23, 2023 shows the assembly building on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak, the world's largest fusion experiment machine, in Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

This photo taken on Nov. 24, 2023 shows the assembly building on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak, the world's largest fusion experiment machine, in Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

A vast device is seen at a preassembly hall of the world's largest fusion experiment machine, the ITER Tokamak, in St Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Nov. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

Technicians check faulty vacuum vessel sectors in the vast preassembly hall on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak in St Paul-Lez-Durance, southern France, Nov. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

Technicians check faulty vacuum vessel sectors in the vast preassembly hall on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak in St Paul-Lez-Durance, southern France, Nov. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

People work at a preassembly hall of the world's largest fusion experiment machine, the ITER Tokamak, in St Paul-Lez-Durance, France, Nov. 23, 2023. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

Technicians check faulty vacuum vessel sectors in the vast preassembly hall on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak in St Paul-Lez-Durance, southern France, Nov. 24, 2023. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

This photo taken on Nov. 23, 2023 shows the assembly building on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak, the world's largest fusion experiment machine, in Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

This photo taken on Nov. 23, 2023 shows the tokamak pit on the construction site of the ITER Tokamak in St Paul-Lez-Durance, southern France. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

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