The world's largest iceberg is on the move for the first time in more than three decades, scientists said on Friday. 

At almost 4,000 square km (1,500 square miles), the Antarctic iceberg called A23a is roughly three times the size of New York City. 

Since calving off West Antarctica's Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf in 1986, the iceberg — which once hosted a Soviet research station — has largely been stranded after its base became stuck on the floor of the Weddell Sea. 

Not anymore. Recent satellite images reveal that the berg, weighing nearly a trillion metric tonnes, is now drifting quickly past the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, aided by strong winds and currents. 

It's rare to see an iceberg of this size on the move, said British Antarctic Survey glaciologist Oliver Marsh, so scientists will be watching its trajectory closely. 

As it gains steam, the colossal berg will likely be launched into the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. This will funnel it toward the Southern Ocean on a path known as "iceberg alley" where others of its kind can be found bobbing in dark waters. 

Why the berg is making a run for it now remains to be seen. 

"Over time it's probably just thinned slightly and got that little bit of extra buoyancy that's allowed it to lift off the ocean floor and get pushed by ocean currents," said Marsh. A23a is also among the world's oldest icebergs. 

It's possible A23a could again become grounded at South Georgia island. That would pose a problem for Antarctica's wildlife. Millions of seals, penguins, and seabirds breed on the island and forage in the surrounding waters. Behemoth A23a could cut off such access.

In 2020, another giant iceberg, A68, stirred fears that it would collide with South Georgia, crushing marine life on the sea floor and cutting off food access. Such a catastrophe was ultimately averted when the iceberg broke up into smaller chunks — a possible end game for A23a as well.

But "an iceberg of this scale has the potential to survive for quite a long time in the Southern Ocean, even though it's much warmer, and it could make its way farther north up toward South Africa where it can disrupt shipping," said Marsh. 

Javier Milei, a far-right libertarian who's been compared to former President Donald Trump, was elected Argentina's new president Sunday night to lead the country for the next four years.

Milei, who famously carried a chainsaw to campaign events and called himself "King of the Jungle," is a former frontman of a Rolling Stones cover band and television pundit. In 2021, he was elected to Argentina's congress.

His campaign focused on an economic overhaul that involved cutting spending and closing Argentina's central bank and replacing it with U.S. currency. Some of his other ideas to address the crisis include charging fees for healthcare, xxxx

The election outcome is likely to make a significant impact on Argentina as the country battles through a historic economic crisis with sky-high inflation and the peso losing half of its value this year.

Milei was running against left-leaning Sergio Massa, who served as the country's economy minister. Both men went into the race on Sunday at a dead heat. Massa conceded before the final votes were tallied.

Milei's brash style and conspiracy theories have drawn comparisons to former President Donald Trump. Days before the election, Milei's party, Freedom Advances, alleged fraud, calling the election rigged. Sebastian Schimmel, of the National Electoral Chamber, dismissed the accusations, saying it was "completely unfounded, as they are not even supported by arguments. Nevertheless, they create an atmosphere that aims to instill mistrust."

Massa, a former mayor, congressman and a presidential cabinet chief, was known as a pragmatist with leaning that swing from the right to the left. During his campaign, he tried to woo voters with promises of tax cuts and his ability to run the government. In July 2022, he was appointment economy minister. Inflation has since soared and the peso plummeted. Today, $1 buys 950 pesos. Before the election, many Argentinians expressed concern over his ability to handle economic matters.

The National Electoral Chamber opened more than 106,000 polling stations throughout the country. Voting was mandatory for anyone 18 to 70 and optional for children age 16 and 17, anyone over 71 and residents living abroad.

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“We needed Webb to find this remarkably distant galaxy and Chandra to find its supermassive black hole,” said Akos Bogdan of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA) who leads a new paper in the journal Nature Astronomy describing these results. “We also took advantage of a cosmic magnifying glass that boosted the amount of light we detected.” This magnifying effect is known as gravitational lensing.

Bogdan and his team found the black hole in a galaxy named UHZ1 in the direction of the galaxy cluster Abell 2744, located 3.5 billion light-years from Earth. Webb data, however, has revealed the galaxy is much more distant than the cluster, at 13.2 billion light-years from Earth, when the universe was only 3% of its current age.

Then over two weeks of observations with Chandra showed the presence of intense, superheated, X-ray emitting gas in this galaxy – a trademark for a growing supermassive black hole. The light from the galaxy and the X-rays from gas around its supermassive black hole are magnified by about a factor of four by intervening matter in Abell 2744 (due to gravitational lensing), enhancing the infrared signal detected by Webb and allowing Chandra to detect the faint X-ray source.

This discovery is important for understanding how some supermassive black holes can reach colossal masses soon after the big bang. Do they form directly from the collapse of massive clouds of gas, creating black holes weighing between about 10,000 and 100,000 Suns? Or do they come from explosions of the first stars that create black holes weighing only between about 10 and 100 Suns?

“There are physical limits on how quickly black holes can grow once they’ve formed, but ones that are born more massive have a head start. It’s like planting a sapling, which takes less time to grow into a full-size tree than if you started with only a seed”, said Andy Goulding of Princeton University. Goulding is a co-author of the Nature Astronomy paper and lead author of a new paper in The Astrophysical Journal Letters that reports the galaxy’s distance and mass using a spectrum from Webb.

Bogdan’s team has found strong evidence that the newly discovered black hole was born massive. Its mass is estimated to fall between 10 and 100 million Suns, based on the brightness and energy of the X-rays. This mass range is similar to that of all the stars in the galaxy where it lives, which is in stark contrast to black holes in the centers of galaxies in the nearby universe that usually contain only about a tenth of a percent of the mass of their host galaxy’s stars.

The large mass of the black hole at a young age, plus the amount of X-rays it produces and the brightness of the galaxy detected by Webb, all agree with theoretical predictions in 2017 by co-author Priyamvada Natarajan of Yale University for an “Outsize Black Hole” that directly formed from the collapse of a huge cloud of gas.

“We think that this is the first detection of an ‘Outsize Black Hole’ and the best evidence yet obtained that some black holes form from massive clouds of gas,” said Natarajan. “For the first time we are seeing a brief stage where a supermassive black hole weighs about as much as the stars in its galaxy, before it falls behind.”

The researchers plan to use this and other results pouring in from Webb and those combining data from other telescopes to fill out a larger picture of the early universe.

NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope previously showed that light from distant galaxies is highly magnified by matter in the intervening galaxy cluster, providing part of the motivation for the Webb and Chandra observations described here.

The paper describing the results by Bogdan’s team appears in Nature Astronomy, and a preprint is available online.

The Webb data used in both papers is part of a survey called the Ultradeep Nirspec and nirCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER). The paper led by UNCOVER team member Andy Goulding appears in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. The co-authors include other UNCOVER team members, plus Bogdan and Natarajan. A detailed interpretation paper that compares observed properties of UHZ1 with theoretical models for Outsize Black Hole Galaxies is forthcoming.

NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory’s Chandra X-ray Center controls science operations from Cambridge, Massachusetts, and flight operations from Burlington, Massachusetts.

The James Webb Space Telescope is the world’s premier space science observatory. Webb is solving mysteries in our solar system, looking beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probing the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency.

New studies strengthen link between marijuana use and heart attack, heart failure and stroke.

Two new preliminary studies on recreational marijuana and health reinforce existing evidence that regular use has a negative impact on heart and brain health, according to the American Heart Association.

The first report, which was based on data from a major study involving more than 150,000 people from all walks of American society that examined the relationship between lifestyle, biology and the environment, found that consumption daily marijuana increased the risk of developing heart failure by approximately one-third compared to non-users. A research team from Medstar Health, a nonprofit health provider in the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area, found that among 156,999 healthy people they followed, those who used marijuana had a 34 percent higher risk of develop heart failure during the 45 months of the study, compared to those who reported that they had never used marijuana. This risk was the same regardless of age, sex, or smoking history, and findings from the study, part of the National Institutes of Health's All of Us research program, suggested that coronary artery disease was the pathway through which daily marijuana use could lead to heart failure.

The total amount of debt has increased exorbitantly, and no one knows at what rates!

Argentina's central bank said China has authorized a free-access currency swap line totaling $6.5 billion, part of a broader deal the country has been using to help defend the embattled local peso.

The agreement with China helps Argentina increase its depleted foreign currency reserves while it is going through a major economic crisis, with annual inflation exceeding 130% and the central bank's dollar reserves reaching negative levels.

Wednesday's measure effectively increases the amount that Argentina can access as part of the swap line formalized in early 2023.

"China has increased the amount and instead of 5 billion dollars we are receiving 6.5 billion dollars," said Alberto Fernández, from the Asian country, where he is on an official trip. "

Every time we went through difficult times, Xi Jinping's government gave us its support," Fernández added. "This is an important step so that production (in argentina) does not stop.

" This is the second line of exchange with China activated during Fernández's presidency. According to an official source from the bank, the total amount of the swap line amounted to 47 billion yuan.

The problem is that it is not said that it is a loan, and it accrues interest that no one knows about.

CÓRDOBA.– During the early hours of today, firefighters managed to contain the fires in the southern area of Punilla, in the province of Córdoba. The only active outbreak is in La Tomita, in the department of Tulumba, in the north. Yesterday was a day of anguish and despair because the heat, the wind rotations and the drought caused the flames to get out of control and take them to the edge of homes in the area of Carlos Paz, San Antonio de Arredondo and Cabalango.

The Secretary of Climate Risk Management of Córdoba, Claudio Vignetta, indicated that around 4 o'clock today the firefighters managed to contain the fire in Punilla. “At 4 o'clock some drops fell. We were working until 6 at El Fantasio, which was busy. “Everything is controlled, with an unstable perimeter,” he described.

In any case, he warned that there are planes flying over to audit the situation and ash guard. The little rain recorded cooled the land somewhat.

Last night the interim mayor of Cabalango, Carla Bruno, ordered the town to be evacuated. The flames caused an environmental disaster, in addition to the anguish and fear of the residents since the fire reached some houses and surrounded the Villa Piren complex. About 11 fire crews were deployed to the scene.

Yesterday afternoon, the most desperate situation was experienced in the vicinity of Villa Carlos Paz, where the flames gained strength and height. “If it weren't for the firefighters and the police, we would all burn. I have never seen anything like that in my life. We managed to put it out with everyone's help. The fire was almost inside my house and surrounded us,” Ana, a neighbor from the Altos del Valle neighborhood, told the media.

At least 800 people were transferred to Tanti, since the flames threatened residents and the density of the air made it impossible to breathe.

Is there end-to-end cybersecurity in organizations?

In 2022, cyberspace entered a new round of transformation. Cybercriminals have become more sophisticated and their targets and attack methods have changed. Many governments are reviewing their cybersecurity strategies and increasing funding. When Russia found itself at the epicenter of events, the actions of both sides were met with a reaction from companies and the State. The demand for development and modification of information security systems has increased dramatically. It has become clear that real protection against cyber threats is a priority for all industries and levels of business. Who is most at risk, is it possible to create an "impenetrable" defense, and what threats are often overlooked? Find the answers to these questions in this article.

COMPANY SECURITY: A LOOK INSIDE

A great danger for companies is not only hackers attacking from the outside, but also internal threats. They are the same for all companies, regardless of their size and field of activity. These include basic errors made by employees when working with mail, negligence, internal actions, and cooperation with external suppliers and contractors. Statistics show that insider threats account for the majority of cyber incidents.

WHO IS THE BIGGEST DANGER?

According to new surveys, 53% in 2019 / 67% in 2022 / ?% in 2023 is the number of internal threats caused by malicious or careless actions of employees, which grows year after year: Internal threats come from primarily from employees, and the motives for their malicious actions vary. These can be employees who hold a grudge against company managers, dishonest employees who are looking for easy money and sell information about the company to competitors. And it happens that competitors or hacker groups introduce their spies into the company, and sometimes they can even be managers of different levels who have the appropriate level of access to the system. Thus, there are three main motives for internal attackers: financial gain, the desire to damage the company's reputation or the search for professional opportunities. However, it's often much simpler: if employees don't have basic skills to work securely with email, they can open an email from an unknown address and launch malware. Where do threats arise from? According to the latest studies, the following percentage of fraudulent schemes are implemented through: Messengers 34% / Removable media 25% / Cloud storage, personal email 8%.

MAIN SIGNS THAT A COMPANY IS AT RISK

Employees don't know what they are supposed to do to keep devices secure. For the sake of simplicity, employees violate the security policy. Sensitive data is sent to an unsecured cloud. Emails containing sensitive data are sent to a third party. Remote network and data access is possible outside of business hours. Multiple attempts to access blocked websites. Attempts to access USB ports and devices. Frequent requests for access to data unrelated to the employee's job responsibilities. Login from different IP addresses in no time.

6 STEPS TO PROTECT INFORMATION

• Step 1: Understand what information is confidential and important to the company, where it is stored, who and what level of access has access to this information and, most importantly, whether current protection measures are appropriate for the level of access. acceptable risk.

• Step 2: Introduce a trade secret regime in the company. To do this, it is necessary to develop a regulation on business secrets and specify a list of confidential information, the procedure for its accounting, storage and use. All employees are required to sign a confidentiality agreement.

• Step 3: Start monitoring data access, movements and user activity. It is necessary to limit the possibility of uncontrolled transfer of information to removable media.

• Step 4: Conduct employee training. In particular, it should include regular training on working with confidential information.

• Step 5: Use data encryption.

• Step 6: Protect endpoints from data loss, improve cybersecurity program. To do this, we must adopt a Zero Trust approach to data protection.

PROTECTION AGAINST INTERNAL THREATS

•    Data loss prevention tool (DLP solution).

•    Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB).

•    Control and management of access to unstructured data (DCAP systems).

•    Sensitive data labeling technologies.

•    Account and access management (IdM/IGA).

•    Access monitoring technologies for enterprise applications and databases (DAM systems).

•    Control of privileged users (SafeInspect PAM).

•    Multi-factor authentication (MFA) technologies.

•    Single sign-on (SSO).

•    Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM).

•    Technologies to encrypt data on user endpoints, etc.

•    Cyber literacy training for employees to identify signs of social engineering, phishing emails and reduce the likelihood of data breaches.

Jon Fosse, winner of the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature

Nobel Prize in Literature awarded to Norwegian author Jon Fosse

STOCKHOLM-- Norwegian author Jon Fosse has won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature, the Swedish Academy announced here today.

Fosse's immense body of work, written in Norwegian Nynorsk and spanning a variety of genres, consists of a large number of plays, novels, poetry collections, essays, children's books and translations, the academy said.

Fosse was born in 1959 in Haugesund, Norway. "While today he is one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world, he has also become increasingly recognized for his prose," the academy said in the news release.

In its justification, the Swedish Academy says, among other things, that Jon Fosse gives voice to the unsaid and, as paradoxical as it may seem, this is exactly how great literature can work. It is in the spaces, in the rhythm and in the silence between people where much of the tension lies in Fosse's prose and drama.

In reality, we are talking here about a form of classical existentialism, a recognition that man is fundamentally left to himself in this world. Everything else is incomprehension, volatility and distance.

In his later books, including the seven-volume (!) Septologien, Fosse twists his story in an almost ruthless literary way.

Memories and dreams, reality and fantasy come together in an incessant stream. The main character, Asle, is drawn towards the transcendent, in what eventually becomes a unique and evocative creed.

In a text that is written without a single period! It is very boldly done, but Jon Fosse orchestrates this entire work with symphonic assurance. Beneath this and other texts by Fosse, there is a sense of something precarious waiting to break through.

It keeps the reader attentive far forward in the chair and uses the rhythm and touch of the language to the fullest. It's compelling, it's dark, it's repetitive. You will never doubt that you are in a waterfall universe. No one else in Norwegian literature can imitate him in such artistic intransigence. But Norway is no longer the natural criterion for Jon Fosse.

Now he is up there on Parnassus, among the best writers living and deceased that the world has ever fostered! Jon Fosse has been writing books for 40 years, since his debut in 1983. Novels, stories, children's books, essays, poetry and, therefore, theater.

To this we must add the fact that he has translated several plays into the rich Norwegian Nynorsk, with a special fondness for Greek tragedies. We are talking here about a quite unique literary work. Fosse has never hidden the fact that he is characterized by a pietistic background, and the religious dimension has become increasingly evident in his literature. Ten years ago he also announced his conversion to Catholicism.

But anyone who thinks Jon Fosse only writes sensitive books about spirituality, anxiety and longing is shamefully mistaken. His books are also strongly sensual. Here you can smell the smell of birch wood, roast pork and scraped balls from the pages of the book. And in the eternal darkness of November to which Fosse so often adds his actions, there is a ray of light and pulse.

Jon Fosse is probably a global name, but he is also unmistakably Western. And through the darkness and the rain, there are still glimmers of Western humor.

Three scientists share this year's Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

This year's laureates "have managed to produce particles so small that their properties are determined by quantum phenomena. The particles, which are called quantum dots, are now of great importance in nanotechnology," said the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

STOCKHOLM-- Three scientists, Moungi G. Bawendi, Louis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimov, won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, "for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots," the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced today, Wednesday.

The 2023 Nobel Prize in Chemistry rewards the discovery and development of quantum dots, nanoparticles so small that their size determines their properties, the academy said in a statement.

"These smaller nanotechnology components now spread their light from televisions and LED lamps, and can also guide surgeons when removing tumor tissue, among many other things," he added. This year's winners "have managed to produce particles so small that their properties are determined by quantum phenomena.

The particles, which are called quantum dots, are now of great importance in nanotechnology," the statement said. "Quantum dots have many fascinating and unusual properties. Importantly, they have different colors depending on their size," said Johan Aqvist, chairman of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry.

In the early 1980s, Ekimov managed to create size-dependent quantum effects in colored glass. The color came from copper chloride nanoparticles, and Ekimov showed that particle size affected the color of the glass through quantum effects.

A few years later, Brus was the first scientist in the world to test size-dependent quantum effects in particles floating freely in a fluid.

In 1993, Bawendi revolutionized the chemical production of quantum dots, resulting in near-perfect particles. This high quality was necessary for them to be used in applications.

Quantum dots now light up computer monitors and television screens based on QLED technology. They also add nuances to the light of some LED lamps, and are used by biochemists and doctors to map biological tissue. Researchers believe that in the future they could contribute to flexible electronics, tiny sensors, thinner solar cells and encrypted quantum communication, the statement said.

"(I am) very surprised, unexpected and very honored," Bawendi said in the on-site telephone interview about his reactions. Bawendi, born in 1961 in Paris, France, earned his PhD in 1988 from the University of Chicago in the United States. He is now a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Brus, born in 1943 in Cleveland, United States, earned his doctorate in 1969 from Columbia University. He is now a professor at Columbia University.

Ekimov, born in 1945 in the USSR, obtained his doctorate in 1974 at the Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russia. He was the chief scientist of Nanocrystals Technology Inc., United States.

The prize amount is 11 million Swedish krona (about 1 million US dollars) and will be shared equally between the three winners. (1 Swedish krona = 0.091 US dollar).

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